Insecticides are not a good control option as they are not very effective. They need a minimum temperature of 13-15°C (55-59°F). Use of magnesium-containing limestone. They are often thought to be poisonous but research shows that poinsettias contain no chemicals commonly considered toxic. problems, as well as the cooler temperatures needed for finishing. Pest pressure varies by region in greenhouse poinsettias, but the most common insects include whiteflies, mealybugs, mites and thrips. Cause: This is a very common greenhouse pest easily be transferred from the grower, to the retailer, and eventually to your home. ... poinsettias can get fungal diseases and pests such as mealy bugs. Although there are other species known to cause plant disease, not all species of Rhizoctonia are plant pathogens. Further, leftover solution in the spray tank can cause trouble in the BCA areas when the tank is used again, and other chemistries are added that are not compatible. Clean the greenhouse covering and space plants well. Use pasteurized soil and clean pots and tools. Defoliation and plant death follow. Yellowing develops between the veins of mid and lower leaves. Disease Symptoms Pathogen/Cause Management; Ammonium Toxicity: Root and top growth is restricted. Powdery mildew is most often a problem under cooler grower conditions. Pythium is usually most serious in early stages of poinsettia production when infected cuttings can wilt and die after transplanting. Xanthomonas campestris pv. Maintain low relative humidity in the crop canopy. The disease had probably gone unidentified for a number of years before plant pathologists were able to identify the pathogen. The pathogen is restricted to poinsettia, however, and does not infect other plant species. Growing poinsettias in Texas is a challenge. In the garden, plants may grow to 4m tall and will need regular pruning to keep them within bounds. Do not wet the foliage when irrigating. In nutrition experiments with the varieties Paul Mikkelsen, Annette Hegg and Eckespoint C-l an acid substrate increased the damage, owing to the relative insolubility (and thus unavailability) of Mo under these conditions. Botrytis may also cause stem blight (Figure 9) on cuttings and plants, often at branch crotches. Xanthomonas campestris pv. In soil. It can be troublesome in all stages of poinsettia production. Poinsettias (Euphorbia pulcherrima) are susceptible to a variety of issues when produced in a greenhouse.It is imperative for growers to monitor their crops carefully to avoid such problems. Things like whitefly, Lewis mite, root rots, and nutritional issues can all quickly derail a quality crop. The pots of most poinsettias are set inside decorative pot covers. Lime to adjust the soil pH above 5.5. They do, however, represent those diseases that Texas growers experience most frequently. I have never known of poinsettias to give off any odor!! White fungal growth in patches is seen on leaves and bracts. Conductivity readings at or above 1.0 mS for soil or 2.5 mS for soilless mixes (saturated paste extract) are excessive. Obtain virus‑free plants. Apply a magnesium-containing fertilizer. Avoid damaging plants. Some other diseases can be problematic to poinsettias at any phase of production. Fuchsia Rust. See All Pest, Disease and Weed Identification, See All Beer, Hard Cider, and Distilled Spirits, See All Community Planning and Engagement. Lower leaves yellow while leaf margins burn. Early season production diseases can include Xanthomonas leaf spot and Alternaria leaf spot. The disease started on infected cuttings and … Over-watering will cause the lower leaves to turn yellow and drop. Although there are a number of things that can go wrong from now until December 25, there … Poinsettia problems. Control must prevent disease before bracts form. The recommended pH range in a soilless substrate is 5.8 to 6.5. Grow at higher temperatures. Several insects may attack poinsettias: white flies, fungus gnats, mealybugs and spider mites. Molybdenum deficiencies can cause distorted leaves due to the failure of the interveinal areas to expand normally. Iron deficiency is the most common problem at substrate pHs above 6.5. Impatiens Necrotic Spot … Herb Bedding Plants: Pest Management for Herb Bedding Plants Grown in the Greenhouse . If these practices are followed, then fungicides can help in management. Plants are stunted. Poinsettias in growing mixes that do not contain mineral soil are unlikely to develop Thielaviopsis root rot. The production time for an azalea crop, from propagation to flowering, could be as long as 3 years, so the price required to realize a profit is a handicap. Scab caused by Sphaceloma poinsettiae, normally a disease problem only in states like Florida and Ha… Lack of molybdenum or acidic pH potting mixes (pH 4.5; 5.5 on some cultivars). Do not combine the use of slow-release and soluble fertilizers. poinsettiicola occurs rarely but was a serious problem for poinsettia production in 2010. Maintain even soil moisture levels. Edema and Intumescence. Roots are dark brown and the outer layers of root tissue strip off leaving a bare strand of inner vascular tissue exposed. JavaScript seems to be disabled in your browser. Don't put poinsettias in cold, drafty, or hot places. A Poinsettia Problem Diagnostic Key is available online from North Carolina State University (68). Be nice to your plants! It is a Gram-positive bacterium, very different from the Xanthomonas that causes angular leaf spots and the Dickeya and Pectobacterium species that cause cutting rots. In some people, it can cause skin rash, eye irritation, and irritation or burns to the mouth. Pythium root and stem rot is a common disease problem in poinsettias, and is often difficult to control. If soluble salts become excessive, leach heavily, wait overnight, and leach again. Stems often decay quickly, starting with the formation of brown to reddish brown lesions that enlarge, forming sunken cankers near the soil line … • Crud (physiological disorder): Dried drops of plant sap (latex) occurring in the bracts may interfere with normal bract development and cause disfigurement of the flower head. Another culprit for problems on poinsettia is the fungal disease Botrytis, explains Mark Brotherton, portfolio leader at SePRO. Do not over-water during periods of low light and low temperature. Grafting Techniques for Greenhouse Tomatoes. The adult white fly looks like a small fly covered with white powder. Poinsettias (Euphorbia pulcherrima), so familiar during the winter as houseplants, grow as perennials in U.S. Department of Agriculture plant hardiness zones 9 through 11. Plant Disease Management on Poinsettias The most serious disease problems of poinsettias are pythium root rot, rhizoctonia root and stem rot, botrytis, powdery mildew, fungal leaf spots, and bacterial issues. A number of other less common biotic and abiotic diseases can cause significant problems for individual growers when favorable environmental conditions prevail. If you are having difficulty diagnosing a specific disease(s) we encourage you to contact the Texas Plant Disease … Stem cankers cause defoliation and death of the distal plant parts. Treat your poinsettia well throughout the holiday season. This is why scouting might be more important in this crop than any other.. Here’s a month by month guide on what you should be looking for to prevent small problems from becoming big issues. Why do we need this? With a wide host range, Rhizoctonia can cause a variety of diseases including stem rot, root rot, damping-off in seedlings and aerial blight of leaves (Table 1). Entering your postal code will help us provide news or event updates for your area. Large, tan, sunken cankers may form onthe older stems, girdling the stem. Phytophthora and Rhizoctonia can also rot the roots of poinsettias, and under favorable conditions, ... the cause of scab or spot anthracnose on both leaves and stems. Powdery mildew is a fairly recent disease problem in poinsettia production that can develop explosively late in the crop production cycle. Symptoms Rhizoctonia grows along the upper surface of the growing medium, so it often attacks the plant stem at the soil line. When poinsettias get problems, they always seem to hit hard and fast. The relative humidity within the plant canopy should be kept below 93percent throughout the production cycle. View our privacy policy. Webbing may also be present with heavy mite populations. Leaf margins yellow and burn. Cuttings wilt and die rapidly. A number of other less common diseases can cause significant problems for individual growers when favorable environmental conditions prevail. Poinsettias are subject to attack from insect pests and mites all season long, so effective management is a must for quality poinsettia production. Several insects may attack poinsettias: white flies, fungus gnats, mealybugs and spider mites. Water should be able to drain from the bottom of containers. Be nice to your plants! ... soil becomes dry to the touch, water the plant until water begins to flow out the bottom of the pot. Poinsettia problems. Several diseases affect production of poinsettia, ... Powdery mildew is a fairly recent disease problem in poinsettia production that can develop explosively late in the crop production cycle. * For additional information, see section on Key Diseases. The disease started on infected cuttings and continued through the entire production cycle. Carefully inspect poinsettias and any other plants before you buy them or bring them into your home to avoid introducing pests or diseases. Large roots and lower stem may be enlarged and ridged. Apply a fungicide to protect plants. Don't put poinsettias in cold, drafty, or hot places. Disease causes the foul odor. This fungal pathogen thrives under cool temperatures around 68-77°F. Apply a fungicide to protect plants. Keep hose ends off the ground. WHY IS MY POINSETTIA DROPPING ITS LEAVES? Disease problems caused by fungi and nematodes resulted in serious crop losses until better control measures were achieved. Scout stock plants frequently and inspect cuttings as soon as they arrive. Each fungus can cause disease independently, or fungi may interact to produce rapid decline. The fungus-like Pythium survives between crops in infected plant material from previous crops whether they are poinsettia or not. Houseplant Problems: Symptoms: Possible Causes: Control/Comments: Plant wilting: Overwatering or lack of water: overwatering can cause root rots. Mechanically transmitted. Favored by low light and low temperature in late fall, acidic potting mix, and exclusive use of ammonium nitrogen source. Avoid damaging established, well-branched plants. Poinsettia used to be considered a poisonous plant. Poinsettias are cheery plants that are widely grown indoors over Christmas for their brightly coloured bracts. While there are numerous Pythium species that infect a wide variety of greenhouse ornamentals, Pythium aphanidermatum is the most common pathogen found on poinsettias in late summer and fall. Lower stems below ground may have a shredded appearance. They are often disposed of once they start to fade, but with a little care, you can keep them all year and the bracts will colour up again the following year. By far the most common problem with poinsettias is leaves shrivelling up and falling off. Miscellaneous diseases and disorders; Bleaching necrosis: Air pollutant injury from either chlorides (> 0.5 ppm), nitrogen dioxide (> 2-3 ppm) or sulfur dioxide (> 0.5 ppm) : Bract necrosis: Physiological disorder favored by high humidity, heavy watering and high (ammoniacal) … Plants that are allowed to get too dry will wilt and also drop leaves. Disinfest tools. Do not over-water or over-fertilize plants. By entering your email, you consent to receive communications from Penn State Extension. Poinsettias: Disease Prevention and Control. This disease thrives on dense-canopied plants such as poinsettias that hold a significant amount of moisture. Longitudinal water-soaked streaks on stems and spots on leaves. Whiteflies on poinsettias and other indoor plants are extremely difficult to control. Use a well-drained, soilless potting media labeled for houseplants. problem in the commercial pro-duction of poinsettias, especially in greenhouses. It is often the cause of rot in cuttings, especially those under mist. Iron deficiency is the most common problem … For growing plants, beautiful gardens and propagation, How to Make a Natural and Organic Insecticide for Aphids. Avoid purchasing insect-infested plants. Do not over-fertilize. Cuttings develop a soft rot at the base which moves upward quickly and kills the cutting. Poinsettias are susceptible to a wide variety of diseases that attack the Apply a fungicide to protect plants. Treat your poinsettia well throughout the holiday season. Poinsettias are very sensitive to cold temperatures and drafts. Diseases of Poinsettias. Favored by low light and low temperature in late fall, acidic potting mix, and exclusive use of ammonium nitrogen source. Poinsettias are famous for their flower-like bracts that turn bright red in the winter time and earn them a place as an extremely popular Christmas plant. They run the biggest risk of succumbing to pests or disease while growing in the greenhouse at the nursery. Roots are rotted. MED Whitefly). Severely damaged plants should be discarded. Use only sterile soil and clean tools, and hang up hose ends. The star feature of poinsettias … The base of infected stems appear soft and wet. Promptly remove fading flowers an… Roots are brown and water soaked. Fungus gnats are small, dark-colored flies about 3 mm (1/8 inch) long. Prevention is the best management strategy. Garden Retailers and Late Blight Disease. Diseases ofPoinsettias Stephen T. Nameth, OhioState University, DeptofPlant Pathology Successful poinsettia disease control/ management, or lack ofit, can mean the difference between a great crop andjoyous holiday season, and a terrible crop and "Bah, humbug." STORIES, MYTHS, LEGENDS AND THE FOLKLORE OF HELLEBORE. so even a slightly low Ca2+ contents may cause problems. Our environmental conditions create a truly unique set of problems that must be overcome to produce a high quality product. The water needs of a poinsettia can be determined with your finger. Later in the season, plants defoliate and flower prematurely. Root and top growth is restricted. Apply a fungicide to protect plants as soon as any mildew is found. Symptoms vary with the pathogen. These plants produce colorful bracts and brighten rooms for the holidays, so it can cause concern when whiteflies infest a poinsettia. Poinsettias are a favorite Christmas plant but widely misunderstood. We have described the major poinsettia diseases that are widespread in the industry. ... conditions become favorable for bacterial growth (warm temperatures and high humidity), the bacteria multiply and cause disease. In addition to biotic agents, improper fertilization practices can cause symptoms in poinsettias. Get notified when we have news, courses, or events of interest to you. Healthy roots should be light-colored and firm. Cause and Disease Development Botrytis cinerea causes one of the most common diseases of all greenhouse crops. Warning Keep children and pets away from poinsettias because the sap can irritate skin and eating it may cause vomiting or other stomach problems. ... faced with a problem on Holy Night: she lacked the means to contribute a gift in the Christ Child ceremony at … Poinsettias need bright, but filtered light, away from strong sun and draughts. Growers can reduce the potential of Botrytis by following a few crucial steps, Brotherton says. When the soil becomes dry to the touch, water the plant until water begins to flow out the bottom of the pot. In Hawai‘i, the disease tends Fungicides do not make the white fungus go away after it is dead. The first signs are generally a lack of good green leaf color, progressing to the classic bronzing symptoms that mites cause as they feed on the bottom side of the leaves. Several new … Symptoms . LEARN HOW TO STOP THE INVASIVE SPOTTED LANTERNFLY, Coronavirus: Information and resources for the Extension Community, Botrytis flower blight. DISEASES Botrytis Optimizing the growing environment is still one of the best methods to limit Botrytis in your greenhouse. High pH. Poinsettias are very sensitive to cold temperatures and drafts. May be symptomless in poinsettias. Source: Premier Tech How to Monitor Root Diseases All root rot diseases will ultimately result in … Everything you need to know about poinsettias: rich red bracts, deep green leaves and clusters of tiny, bright yellow or white flowers. Poinsettias with Pythium root rot are often stunted, wilted despite media wetness, and slightly chlorotic. Apply a fungicide to protect plants. Fungal Diseases of Poinsettias. Do not use ammonium nitrogen sources exclusively. Avoid skin contact, as the sap can cause irritation in some people. They're synonymous with Christmas, all around the world, and make fantastic festive decorations both inside and outside the home. A number of other less common biotic and abiotic diseases can cause significant problems for individual growers when favorable environmental conditions prevail. Infected stems stretch several inches above the normal crop. They need a minimum temperature of 13-15°C (55-59°F). As the top-selling potted plant in the United States, the poinsettia (Euphorbia pulcherrima) is historically rooted in the political world. You must have JavaScript enabled in your browser to utilize the functionality of this website. poinsettias in recent years. Plant wilt. Spray Options: Lewis Mites - Avid, Sirocco Spider Mites - Avid, Floramite, Sirocco The disease had probably gone unidentified for a number of years before plant pathologists were able to identify the pathogen. They can be stunning when they’re healthy, but a poinsettia with yellow leaves is both unhealthy and decidedly not festive. The recommended pH range in a soilless substrate is 5.8 to 6.5. The diseases listed in this table are not inclusive of all those that are known to occur on poinsettias. Defoliation and death of branches occur above cankers that girdle stems. Remove damaged tissues. The star feature of poinsettias is the “flower” produced at the ends of branches. Early in season, the rooted cuttings are stunted, yellow, and wilting. Destroy infected plants. Later, stunted plants defoliate, flower prematurely, and die. Immediately discard infected plants. Over-watering will cause the lower leaves to turn yellow and drop. Poinsettias are also susceptible to Rhizopus soft rot (Rhizopus stolonifera). Lower leaves yellow and fall. Sunken dark brown areas on stem may reach slightly above soil line. They can be found either on the plant or soil surface. Hey, it's the holiday season! Hey, it's the holiday season! It is a Gram-positive bacterium, very different from the Xanthomonas that causes angular leaf spots and the Dickeya and Pectobacterium species that cause cutting rots. Large, light brown to tan, slightly sunken cankers form on older stems especially near large branches or crotches. ... What is the problem? HOW TO COLLECT AND PREPARE FRENCH AND RUNNER BEAN... HOW TO COLLECT AND PREPARE LETTUCE SEEDS FOR PROPA... HOW TO COLLECT AND PREPARE MELON AND CUCUMBER SEE... HOW TO COLLECT AND PREPARE SWEET AND CHILLI PEPPER... HOW TO CHOOSE PLANTS FOR HOT, DRY BORDERS, THE HISTORY OF THE JACK 'O' LANTERN HALLOWEEN PUMPKIN, WHAT CAUSES POND WATER PROBLEMS AND HOW TO AVOID THEM, HOW TO MAINTAIN AND LOOK AFTER A HEALTHY POND. Downy Mildew of Coleus. Williams says different root rot pathogens cause trouble depending on where you currently are in the production cycle. Yellow spots form on the upper surface of leaves. Late in the season, roots turn black. When poinsettias get problems, they always seem to hit hard and fast. WHICH NATIVE ANIMALS EAT SLUGS AND SNAILS. The disease causes a whitish, powdery discoloration of the upper and lowers surfaces of the leaves and colored bracts (Benson et al. Largenumbers of gray to olivaceous green spores are produced on the infectedtissues. Poinsettias: The problem children Heidi Wollaeger , Michigan State University Extension - October 24, 2013 Poinsettias are susceptible to diseases, distortion through rapidly changing environmental conditions, and uncommon nutrient deficiencies. Use of molybdenum-containing fertilizer or a complete minor element supplement, or add sodium molybdate to soluble fertilizer. Apply a fungicide to protect plants. Use only sterile soil and clean tools, and hang us hose ends. ! Poinsettias: The problem children Heidi Wollaeger , Michigan State University Extension - October 24, 2013 Poinsettias are susceptible to diseases, distortion through rapidly changing environmental conditions, and uncommon nutrient deficiencies. Wounded stems of older plants develop soft rot and lodge. With proper care, poinsettias can last longer than the traditional holiday season, and the information found in this section will help with that. High substrate pH can induce nutrient problems in poinsettias. Yellowing is followed by burning of lower leaf margins. Lower leaves yellow while leaf margins burn. Root rot, over-fertilization, low light intensity, or lack of moisture. We have described the major poinsettia diseases that are widespread in the industry. Molybdenum deficiencies can cause distorted leaves due to the failure of the interveinal areas to expand normally. Figure 1: Root diseases commonly occur in poinsettias late in the season when it is easier to overwater due to colder temperatures, shorter day length and slow water uptake by the plant. poinsettiicola occurs rarely but was a serious problem for poinsettia production in 2010. Brown spots form on flower, leaf, or stem tissue. There are 5 surprising facts here, including the new myth about safety concerns. Several diseases affect production of poinsettia, including foliar diseases such as Botrytis gray mold, powdery mildew, Alternaria blight, Xanthomonas blight, Erwinia blight, Phytophthora blight, and root diseases such as Pythium, Phytophthora and Rhizoctonia root rot. Destroy infected plants and crop debris. Avoid overhead irrigation. The holidays are here and the beautiful poinsettias are a very common flower for most house holds. There are also many dwarf varieties available that grow to only 1–2m. Molybdenum deficiency, Prepared by Gary W. Moorman, Professor of Plant Pathology. Diseases of Poinsettias. Telephone: (203) 974-8601 Fax: (203) 974-8502 Email: Sharon.Douglas@ct.gov. By watching for potential problems, understanding their causes andknowing the proper corrective actions to take, one can avoid most of theseissues. If you have a latex allergy, be careful around poinsettia plants. One of the most commonly asked questions we get is, “How do you take care of poinsettias?” The secret to keeping poinsettia plants healthy and happy is knowing what continued care they need long after the holidays end. In addition to biotic agents, improper fertilization practices can cause symptoms in poinsettias. Poinsettias are extremely susceptible to root rot disease. Over the last 10 years, it has become evident that BEB is cultivar-dependent. Lower leaf margins are cupped downward. Early in the season, cuttings wilt and yellow. Heat and vent to reduce humidity. High substrate pH can induce nutrient problems in poinsettias. Leaf damage consisting of malformation, yellowing and necrosis, observed in poinsettias was found to be caused by Mo deficiency. Poinsettias are extremely susceptible to root rot disease. When cooling your greenhouses as the poinsettias mature, avoid night temperatures below 60 F. Ventilate as much as possible during the day and water when foliage will be dry before night. But it’s not just contact with the milky sap that can cause problems. disease. Young plants frequently are killed. Box 1106 New Haven, CT 06504-1106. Use only sterile soil and clean pots and tools. Discard plants with symptoms. Proximity to the plant itself can cause wheezing, rhinitis, asthma, and other symptoms in individuals with a latex allergy. Bract edge burn may cause serious problems in the final weeks of production or following boxing and transport. In fact, bractsaccount for only 0.1 to0.5% of the total Ca2+ transported to the whole shoot and most of that is transported during the very early stages of growth. In the garden, plants may grow to 4m tall and will need regular pruning to keep them within bounds. Williams says different root rot pathogens cause trouble depending on where you currently are in the production cycle. Longitudinal splits form at the stem base at and below soil line. Space plants to provide good air circulation. There are also many dwarf varieties available that grow to only 1–2m. Informational table showing disease name, symptoms, pathogen/cause, and management of Poinsettia diseases. The most important root disease affecting poinsettia is Pythium root rot caused by several species of Pythium the most common being P. aphanidermatum, but P. irregulare, P. cryptoirregulare and P. ultimum also cause loss. Managing Pests and Disease. Bract Edge Burn became a major problem in the late 1970s with the introduction of Gutbier V-14 Glory produced in southern climates. Downy Mildew of Basil. Keep hose ends off the ground. (Gray Mold)quickly colonizes damaged or senescing plant tissuesand initially appears as brown spots on the leaves and flower bracts. If it is below 50°F or windy outside then put your plant inside a loose-fitting bag. If it is below 50°F or windy outside then put your plant inside a loose-fitting bag. These popular Christmas plants contain a compound similar to that found in rubber latex -- and can cause … Whiteflies continue to be the major insect pest problem for poinsettias. Favored by excess moisture and overcrowding of plants. High pH. Botrytis. Continue scouting throughout the season, especially as plants are being spaced. Early season production diseases can include Xanthomonas leaf spot and Alternaria leaf spot. Caution. Downy Mildews of Ornamental Plants. Apply a fungicide to protect plants at planting. Under dry conditions, the pith of the lower stem is brown and the stem has a gray canker. Avoid skin contact, as the sap can cause irritation in some people. In addition to biotic agents, improper fertilization practices can cause symptoms in poinsettias. Apply a fungicide to protect plants. In continuous feed programs, 10% of the soluble fertilizer applied should leach out the bottom or clear tap water should be applied every second or third watering. When purchasing plants, carefully check for whiteflies and other insects. This is why scouting might be more important in this crop than any other.. Here’s a month by month guide on what you should be looking for to prevent small problems from becoming big issues. A major limiting factor in the production of a timely and healthy poinsettia … HOW TO COLLECT AND PREPARE TOMATO SEEDS FOR PROPAG... HOW TO COLLECT AND PREPARE PEAS FOR PROPAGATION. Additionally, growers need to account for whitefly biotypes that have developed over the last decade or have the potential to develop insecticide resistance (i.e. Discard infected cuttings and infested media. Things like whitefly, Lewis mite, root rots, and nutritional issues can all quickly derail a quality crop. Small, light-colored, round spots with yellow halos form on the leaf, particularly along the main vein. However, eating the plant is NOT recommended. PP043 (3/01R) By Dr. Sharon M. Douglas Department of Plant Pathology and Ecology The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station 123 Huntington Street P. O. Use sterile propagation media. The combined use of slow-release and soluble fertilizer or soluble fertilizer use with no leaching favors this. Downy Mildew of Impatiens. Foliar Nematodes. Avoid root rots and over-fertilization. And finally, a phytoplasma organism found associated with poinsettias provides evidence that some host/pathogen relationships can actually be economically beneficial. Be careful when transporting poinsettias from the shop to your home in the winter, as the cold outdoor temperatures can damage the foliage. The adults are more of a nuisance than a real problem, but the larvae do feed on plant tissue. Poinsettias don’t usually have insect or disease problems once they make it to your home, particularly if you are just keeping them for the holiday season. Leaves yellow and fall. Poinsettias can, at times, be a problematic crop, but beingaware of the more common nutritional, physiological and insect anddisease-related problems encountered during production can help reduce theheadaches. Learn more about Poinsettia uses, effectiveness, possible side effects, interactions, dosage, user ratings and products that contain Poinsettia Check the potting soil daily. 2001). Poinsettias with Pythium root rot are often stunted, wilted despite media wetness, and slightly chlorotic. For example, 5 percent of a spray solution with Orthene or Talstar insecticide residues can cause a lot of problems with BCAs when the tank is filled up to 100 percent and other, noncompatible product is added.