Watermelons are 92% water and related to cucumbers, squash and pumpkins. It produced high yields and was resistant to the most serious watermelon diseases: anthracnose and fusarium wilt. The citron melon or makataan – a variety with sweet yellow flesh that is cultivated around the world for fodder, and the production of citron peel and pectin.[2]. [26] The cubic shape was originally designed to make the melons easier to stack and store, but these "square watermelons" may be triple the price of normal ones, so appeal mainly to wealthy urban consumers. Honeybees must pollinate the watermelon blossom for fruit to be produced. Thousands of new, high … Subject These test guidelines apply to all varieties, hybrids and parental lines of watermelon (Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.)Mansf.). This fruit has been cultivated for over 4,000 years. [15] Watermelon seeds were also found in the Dead Sea region at the ancient settlements of Bab edh-Dhra and Tel Arad. The variety known as tsamma is grown for its juicy white flesh. Taxon 66(6): 1393-1405. International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants, "The Plant List: A Working List of All Plant Species", "The 5,000-Year Secret History of the Watermelon", "On eating watermelon in front of white people: "I'm not as free as I thought, "Square watermelons Japan. Fact Sheets & Plant Guides Introduced, Invasive, and Noxious Plants Threatened & Endangered Wetland Indicator Status 50,000+ Plant Images Complete PLANTS Checklist State PLANTS Checklist Advanced Search Download [23] Lack of pollen is thought to contribute to "hollow heart" which causes the flesh of the watermelon to develop a large hole, sometimes in an intricate, symmetric shape. C. caffer Schrad. ), originated with the erroneous synonymization of Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Morphology of orange tree with fruits, flowers, green leaves and root system on white background, Parts of plant. Parts of raspberry plant isolated on white background. Watermelons were rapidly accepted in Hawaii and other Pacific islands when they were introduced there by explorers such as Captain James Cook. Second page has 6 plant part cards. [45], Watermelon is a sweet, commonly consumed fruit of summer, usually as fresh slices, diced in mixed fruit salads, or as juice. [15], Evidence of the cultivation of both C. lanatus and C. colocynthis in the Nile Valley has been found from the second millennium BC onward, and seeds of both species have been found at Twelfth Dynasty sites and in the tomb of Pharaoh Tutankhamun. It is grown only on the island of Hokkaido, Japan, where up to 10,000 watermelons are produced every year. How To Plant Watermelon, watermelon plant stages, growing watermelon indoors, Grow Pumpkins, Today we're going to be talking about planting watermelons and pumpkins. Plants have both male and female flowers on 40-millimetre-long (1 1⁄2 in) hairy stalks. Parts of carambola plant on a white background. [24][25], Farmers of the Zentsuji region of Japan found a way to grow cubic watermelons by growing the fruits in metal and glass boxes and making them assume the shape of the receptacle. Some smaller, spherical varieties of watermelon—both red- and yellow-fleshed—are sometimes called "icebox melons". In 2017, China produced about two-thirds of the world total of watermelons. [9], The sweet watermelon was formally described by Carl Linnaeus in 1753 and given the name Cucurbita citrullus. The watermelon is an annual that has a prostrate or climbing habit. Watermelon can be grown from seed or transplants from a nursery. [2], The watermelon is a large annual plant with long, weak, trailing or climbing stems which are five-angled (five-sided) and up to 3 m (10 ft) long. Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.)Mansf.) The 'Densuke' watermelon has round fruit up to 11 kg (24 lb). [54], The amino acid citrulline is produced in watermelon rind. [44] The largest recorded fruit was grown in Tennessee in 2013 and weighed 159 kilograms (351 pounds). These usually have three lobes which are themselves lobed or doubly lobed. & Nakai and Citrullus vulgaris Schrad. & Zeyh., ", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Watermelon&oldid=991369640, Wikipedia pages semi-protected against vandalism, Short description is different from Wikidata, Taxonbars with automatically added basionyms, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. The bulk of the varieties-with andromonoecious, but there are those whose flowers on the plant are strictly same-sex. Parts of plant. lanatus) and citron melons (Citrullus lanatus var. 2 pages MEMBERS Watermelon shape matching cards. English version", "Multilingual Multiscript Plant Name Database", "Vegetable Research & Extension Center – Icebox Watermelons", "Black Japanese watermelon sold at record price", "Florida produces more watermelon than any other state", "Watermelon production in 2017, Crops/Regions/World list/Production Quantity (pick lists)", "Production of mixed fruit (pawpaw, banana and watermelon) wine using Saccharomyces cerevisiae isolated from palm wine", "Oklahoma Declares Watermelon Its State Vegetable", "Determination of citrulline in watermelon rind", "CBC News – Health – Watermelon the real passion fruit? Young growth is densely woolly with yellowish-brown hairs which disappear as the plant ages. Georgia, Florida, Texas, California and Arizona are the United States' largest watermelon producers, with Florida producing more watermelon than any other state. Facts Watermelon originates in southern Africa and was domesticated at least four thousand years ago, having been cultivated in ancient Egypt. The average selling price is generally around 25,000 yen ($250). Sep 13, 2018 - Watermelon Plant. [2], This West African species is the closest wild relative of the watermelon. [4], European colonists and slaves from Africa introduced the watermelon to the New World. Illustration of structure, flora, infographic - 126171918 Its adaptability meant it could be grown over a wide geographical area. Morphology of pear tree with fruits, flowers, green leaves and root system on white background. [17], In the 7th century, watermelons were being cultivated in India, and by the 10th century had reached China, which is today the world's single largest watermelon producer. The Moors introduced the fruit into the Iberian Peninsula and there is evidence of it being cultivated in Córdoba in 961 and also in Seville in 1158. Watermelon pulp contains carotenoids, including lycopene. The watermelon is the official state vegetable of Oklahoma. After a quick review of plant parts, Ranger Hannah takes you through the life cycle of a watermelon. The sweet, juicy flesh is usually deep red to pink, with many black seeds, although seedless varieties exist. While melon plants are growing, blooming, and setting fruit, they need 1 … [4][5], A bitter watermelon has become naturalized in semiarid regions of several continents, and is designated as a "pest plant" in parts of Western Australia where they are called "pig melon". The rind of the fruit is mid- to dark green and usually mottled or striped, and the flesh, containing numerous pips spread throughout the inside, can be red or pink (most commonly), orange, yellow, green or white. Morphology of tree with green crown, root system, and titles, Parts of plant. by L.H. Chromosome numbers, Sudanese wild forms, and classification of the watermelon genus Citrullus, with 50 names allocated to seven biological species. Filmed with a Canon Digital Rebel XT and a Canon 50mm f/1.8 lens. It can grow well in cool climates. This video shows you what the plant looks like so you could identify it yourself. Where is the sweetest part of the watermelon? Spanish settlers were growing it in Florida in 1576, and it was being grown in Massachusetts by 1629, and by 1650 was being cultivated in Peru, Brazil and Panama, as well as in many British and Dutch colonies. Also, consider growing your standard vining watermelon vertical, train your large vines up Plant bush watermelon in hills of 2 plants about 12 to 14 inches apart. Seed Material Required 1. Illustration about Parts of plant. is a synonym of C. amarus Schrad. Watermelons are plants grown in climates from tropical to temperate, needing temperatures higher than about 25 °C (77 °F) to thrive. Matsum. In June 2008, one of the first harvested watermelons was sold at an auction for 650,000 yen (US$6,300), making it the most expensive watermelon ever sold. Fruits are the mature ovary or ovaries of one or more flowers.In fleshy fruits, the outer layer (typically edible) is the pericarp, which is the tissue that develops from the ovary wall of the flower and surrounds the seed to protect it in environments apart from the parent plant. But if you ask anyone in Oklahoma, they’ll tell you it’s a vegetable . an illustration of plant parts, including the vascular bundles in a watermelon stem.) Be sure to place each hill four Find watermelon plant stock images in HD and millions of other royalty-free stock photos, illustrations and vectors in the Shutterstock collection. Carrots: Entire plant is edible including root (the carrot itself) and leaves. [7] Molecular data including sequences from the original collection of Thunberg and other relevant type material, show that the sweet watermelon (Citrullus vulgaris Schrad.) The large fruit is a kind of modified berry called a pepo with a thick rind (exocarp) and fleshy center (mesocarp and endocarp). These are no longer grown to any great extent, but their lineage has been further developed into hybrid varieties with higher yields, better flesh quality and attractive appearance. [26] Pyramid-shaped watermelons have also been developed and any polyhedral shape may potentially be used. Renner, S. S., A. Sousa, and G. Chomicki. The sweetest part of a watermelon (when it's not cut or sliced) is the middle of the fruit. [4] Another objective of plant breeders has been the elimination of the seeds which occur scattered throughout the flesh. [55][56], Flower stems of male and female watermelon blossoms, showing ovary on the female, Watermelon and other fruit in Boris Kustodiev's Merchant's Wife, Watermelon out for sale in Maa Kochilei Market, Rasulgarh, Odisha, India, Large fruit with a smooth hard rind, of the gourd family. Watermelon is a member of the cucurbitaceae plant family of gourds (classified as Citrullus lantus), related to the cucumber, squash, and pumpkin (Maynard, 2001). Bailey in 1930. [52], Citrullis lanatus, variety caffer, grows wild in the Kalahari Desert, where it is known as tsamma. There is evidence from seeds in Pharaoh tombs of watermelon cultivation in Ancient Egypt. 1930. Watermelon is grown in favorable climates from tropical to temperate regions worldwide for its large edible fruit, which is a berry with a hard rind and no internal divisions, and is botanically called a pepo. ex Eckl. Morphology of pepper plant with green leaves, red fruits, flowers and root system, Leaning Parts of plant and flower for kids. It takes about 90–100 days from planting to harvest. The Protection of Plant Morphology and structure of potato tuber, Parts of plant. It is not a form of the sweet watermelon C. vulgaris and not closely related to that species. C. lanatus subsp. ), The bitter wooly melon is the sister species of Citrullus ecirrhosus Cogn. The 'Cream of Saskatchewan' has small, round fruits about 25 cm (10 in) in diameter. An illustration showing parts of a plant of red pepper. Watermelon is a scrambling and trailing vine in the flowering plant family Cucurbitaceae. Leaves up to 20 cm wide by 15 cm long, sessile, hairy on the underside, pinnato-lobulate. The flowers are unisexual, with male and female flowers occurring on the same plant (monoecious). It is cultivated for cattle feed.[2]. It has a thin, light and dark green striped rind, and sweet white flesh with black seeds. 1. C. rehmii De Winter, and The plant has branching tendrils. citroides; C. lanatus var. [5] In China, the seeds are eaten at Chinese New Year celebrations. Watermelon flowers are more than pretty blooms, as when pollinated, they transform into juicy fruits. The scion and rootstock seedlings may not germinate or grow at the same rates, so it is impor-tant to conduct a preliminary test to determine their Grafting such varieties onto disease-resistant rootstocks offers protection. It spread northwards through southern Europe, perhaps limited in its advance by summer temperatures being insufficient for good yields. Inside the hills, you should plant 8 to 10 watermelon seeds. [45] Secondary producers included Iran, Turkey, and Brazil. The styles are united into a single column. The 'Moon and Stars' variety was created in 1926. The fruit had begun appearing in European herbals by 1600, and was widely planted in Europe in the 17th century as a minor garden crop. [31], In 2017, global production of watermelons was 118 million tonnes, with China alone accounting for 67% of the total. Give each plant at least 5 feet of space, as their vines spread rapidly. Morphology of oak tree with acorns, green leaves and root system on white background, Parts of flower with titles. How to Grow Watermelons Watering Watering is very important—from planting until fruit begins to form. [49] In Vietnamese culture, watermelon seeds are consumed during the Vietnamese New Year's holiday, Tết, as a snack. Watermelon is a scrambling and trailing vine in the flowering plant family Cucurbitaceae. [27], A number of cultivar groups have been identified:[28], (syn. Many cultivars are no longer grown commercially because of their thick rind, but seeds may be available among home gardeners and specialty seed companies. Watermelon - parts of the plant, labeled. Watermelons have a longer growing period than other melons, and can often take 85 days or more from the time of transplanting for the fruit to mature. Start by picking the seeds out of about a cup of watermelon. It has a light green rind with jagged dark green stripes. An illustration showing parts of a pitahaya plant. [4] In the Civil War era United States, watermelons were commonly grown by free black people and became one symbol for the abolition of slavery. The edible part of a plantain is a fruit. [19], Seedless watermelons were initially developed in 1939 by Japanese scientists who were able to create seedless triploid hybrids which remained rare initially because they did not have sufficient disease resistance. The sentiment evolved into a racist stereotype where black people shared a supposed voracious appetite for watermelon, a fruit long correlated with laziness and uncleanliness. The flesh consists of highly developed placental tissue within the fruit. from South African arid regions, while the sweet watermelon is closer to Citrullus mucosospermus (Fursa) Fursa from West Africa and populations from Sudan. This has been achieved through the use of triploid varieties, but these are sterile, and the cost of producing the seed by crossing a tetraploid parent with a normal diploid parent is high. 12 shapes, 3 pages. C. naudinianus (Sond.) In southern Russia, a beer is made from watermelon juice, or the juice may be boiled down to a heavy syrup like molasses In southern Russia, a beer is made from watermelon juice, or the juice may be … Around the same time, Native Americans were cultivating the crop in the Mississippi valley and Florida. If you are thinking about growing watermelons (Citrullus lanatus) when conditions warm in spring, it’s important you meet their requirements for proper growth, so the vines ultimately produce the flowers that lead to sweet, … [8] A proposal to conserve the name, Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) [5] The fruits are used by the San people and wild animals for both water and nourishment, allowing survival on a diet of tsamma for six weeks. The fruit can be eaten raw or pickled, and the rind is edible after cooking. [18] After the Civil War, black people were maligned for their association with watermelon. [4], The US Department of Agriculture recommends using at least one beehive per acre (4,000 m2 per hive) for pollination of conventional, seeded varieties for commercial plantings. [16] Watermelons were cultivated for their high water content and were stored to be eaten during dry seasons. Morphology of watermelon plant with fruits, flowers, green leaves and root system isolated on white background. & Nakai are not closely related to each other. Stock Vector Icon Pack of 4 Line Signs and Symbols for Set of cucurbitaceae plants growth animation. [20] Seedless watermelons became more popular in the 21st century, rising to nearly 85% of total watermelon sales in the United States in 2014.[21]. [23], Charles Fredrick Andrus, a horticulturist at the USDA Vegetable Breeding Laboratory in Charleston, South Carolina, set out to produce a disease-resistant and wilt-resistant watermelon. var. Abstract: The present invention relates to plants and plant parts of a watermelon variety NUN 01009 WMW, seeds from which the plant can be grown and seedless fruit produced on the plant, as well as vegetative reproductions of NUN 01009. In parts of north Africa, these hydrating fruits still grow wild on drought-tolerant, vining plants. Fruit anatomy is the plant anatomy of the internal structure of fruit. Match and sort according to the shape of the seeds. lanatus var. Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) is a plant species in the family Cucurbitaceae, a vine-like flowering plant originally domesticated in Africa. Bailey LH. [5][51], The Oklahoma State Senate passed a bill in 2007 declaring watermelon as the official state vegetable, with some controversy about whether it is a vegetable or a fruit. Watermelon radish is cultivar of Daikon also known as Chinese radish the outer color of the radish is white or green the inner part is red-pink, the radish remind watermelon colors but much smaller. II. By Barbara Barker Updated November 28, 2018 Watermelon (Citrullus vulgaris) is a vining, annual plant with branching tendrils. Learn how to plant, grow, and harvest watermelon with this growing guide from The Old Farmer's Almanac. By weight, a watermelon contains about 6% sugar and 92% water. Watermelon plant with fruits, flowers, green leaves isolated on white background Set of 4 Modern UI Icons Symbols Signs for watermelon, mouse, aloe plant, succulent plant, shopping. Gentes Herbarum 2: 175–186. This page was last edited on 29 November 2020, at 18:15. Copyright © 2000-2020 Dreamstime. & Nakai, was accepted by the nomenclature committee and confirmed at the International Botanical Congress in 2017. [11] The bitter wooly melon was formally described by Carl Peter Thunberg in 1794 and given the name Momordica lanata. [13], The watermelon is a flowering plant that originated in Africa, though there is conflicting research about whether its source is West Africa[14] or Northeast Africa. Watermelon berries are a seasonal, wild edible berry here in Alaska. We'll talk a little bit about pumpkins and watermelons, explain how to plant them, care for them ,and finally issue a little challenge at the end. [50], Watermelon rinds may be eaten, but their unappealing flavor may be overcome by pickling,[41] sometimes eaten as a vegetable, stir-fried or stewed. Draw a plant. Description of watermelon plant Watermelons are annual trailing plants up to 4 m. Stems covered with hairs, 1 cm in diameter, with woody tendrils. citroides; C. vulgaris var. Parts of plant. Its oblong shape and hard rind made it easy to stack and ship. The more than 1200[30] cultivars of watermelon range in weight from less than 1 kilogram (2 1⁄4 pounds) to more than 90 kg (200 lb); the flesh can be red, pink, orange, yellow or white. citroides Bailey is the same as Thunberg's bitter wooly melon, C. lanatus and also the same as C. amarus Schrad. 2017. [46][47] Watermelon juice can be blended with other fruit juices or made into wine. Structure in section. Morphology of flowering plant with root system, flower, seeds and titles, Parts of plant. [29] This thick rind is desirable for making watermelon pickles, and some old cultivars favoured for this purpose include 'Tom Watson', 'Georgia Rattlesnake', and 'Black Diamond'. Additionally, other wild species have bitter fruit containing cucurbitacin. Morphology and anatomy of potato tuber. Major pests of the watermelon include aphids, fruit flies, and root-knot nematodes. [53], In a 100-gram (3 1⁄2-ounce) serving, watermelon fruit supplies 125 kilojoules (30 kilocalories) of food energy and low amounts of essential nutrients (see table). A vegetable is anything eaten from other parts of a plant, like spinach leaves or carrots (which are roots). In conditions of high humidity, the plants are prone to plant diseases such as powdery mildew and mosaic virus. Watermelon seeds and paintings of watermelons were found in King Tut’s tomb , as well as in those of other ancient Egyptian nobility. Watermelon is grown in favorable climates from tropical to temperate regions worldwide for its large edible fruit , which is a berry with a hard rind and no internal divisions, and is botanically called a pepo . [2], Another variety known as karkoer or bitterboela is unpalatable to humans, but the seeds may be eaten. [48], The seeds have a nutty flavor and can be dried and roasted, or ground into flour. Watermelons can be grown in all parts of the country, but the warmer temperatures and longer growing season of … Watermelon Lemonade This is so simple and delicious! [2], This is Linnaeus's sweet watermelon; it has been grown for human consumption for thousands of years. citroides)[28]. [10] (The International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants does not allow names like "Citrullus citrullus". [6], The species has two varieties, watermelons (Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) The rind is black with no stripes or spots. The 'Orangeglo' has a very sweet orange flesh, and is a large, oblong fruit weighing 9–14 kg (20–31 lb). Cross section of typical angiosperm flower at time of double fertilization, Parts of sunflower plant. The male flowers predominate at the beginning of the season; the female flowers, which develop later, have inferior ovaries. The fruit is The 'Golden Midget' has a golden rind and pink flesh when ripe, and takes 70 days from planting to harvest. Watermelon: Same thing as sweet corn. Watermelon Watermelon is a tender, warm-season vegetable. Matsum. All rights reserved. Plant each seed one inch deep in the hill. [5], Watermelon fruit is 91% water, contains 6% sugars, and is low in fat (table). Stems are up to 3 metres (10 feet) long and new growth has yellow or brown hairs. It is a highly cultivated fruit worldwide, having more than 1,000 varieties. [3] Wild plants have fruits up to 20 cm (8 in) in diameter, while cultivated varieties may exceed 60 cm (24 in). Parts of plant. Morphology of cherry tree with root system, flowers, fruits and titles, Vector diagram showing parts of carrot whole plant, Coloring page. An illustration showing parts of kumquat plant on a white background. Three discussions in Cucurbitaceae. Parts of plant. All parts of the watermelon fruit are used by people, including the fleshy interior, the seeds, and the rind. An illustration showing parts of a chili pepper plant. I. The variety was an important food source for travellers in the Kalahari Desert. See more ideas about watermelon plant, watermelon, plants. [43] This now-common fruit is often large enough that groceries often sell half or quarter melons. The high water and electrolyte content of watermelons make them ideal as a refreshing summer thrust quenchers. Only vitamin C is present in appreciable content at 10% of the Daily Value (table). [42], Others were also working on disease-resistant cultivars; J. M. Crall at the University of Florida produced 'Jubilee' in 1963 and C. V. Hall of Kansas State University produced 'Crimson Sweet' the following year. Illustration showing the parts of a tomato plant. Lastly, a watermelon plant’s rapid growth and spread tends to hold back weeds by blocking the sunlight, thereby preventing weeds from getting the nutrition that they need to sprout. Hook.f. Leaves are 60 to 200 millimetres (2 1⁄4 to 7 3⁄4 inches) long and 40 to 150 mm (1 1⁄2 to 6 in) wide. C. colocynthis (L.) Schrad. Watermelon roots and vines spread up … The plants produce male and female flowers separately on the same plant, and the female flowers have inferior ovaries. These are yellow, and greenish on the back. citroides (L. H. Bailey) Mansf. The leaves are large, coarse, hairy pinnately-lobed and alternate; they get stiff and rough when old. [4], Today, farmers in approximately 44 states in the United States grow watermelon commercially. Parts of plant. Matsum. This requires planting pollinizer rows of varieties with viable pollen. Edible part in Watermelon radish is entire plant: root, leaves, sprout, pods and seeds. It was originally brought to. There is evidence from seeds in Pharaoh tombs of watermelon cultivation in Ancient Egypt . Many cultivars are available that produce mature fruit within 100 days of planting. I don't have much information on this, but nobody seems to be making casseroles with watermelon vines, so I think it's safe to say that you should stick to … [22] Some varieties often grown in Japan and other parts of the Far East are susceptible to fusarium wilt. DNA data reveal that C. lanatus var. The Watermelon Peperomia grows rapidly in areas with USDA hardiness zones 10 through 12.
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